Did Imperial Germany remain a 'disunited nation' until 1914 Essay

Did Imperial Germany remain a 'disunited nation' until 1914 - Essay Example Although imperial Germany was held together by the brilliant diplomatic policies of Bismarck, it is a fact that there was too much diversity and suspicion in Germany. The political and religious conflicts left Germany a disunited nation and created an environment of hatred and one-upmanship that resulted in isolation of many minorities such as German Jews and the Catholics.2 The causes of the disunited state of Germany lie with its very unification process. Although there did exist a common language in the region, the unity of Germany didn’t manifest itself before Napoleonic wars. The resentment towards French occupation made German speaking people realize the need for freedom.3 This could only be possible if German speaking states of Prussia and Austria came together and formed a separate country. There also occurred many other significant events which promoted feeling of unity among German people. The Prussian empire had achieved military success in three separate wars. Peop le were also influenced by the rise of French nationalism which followed the French revolution. A sense of unity cannot exist if the different societies or communities are not aware of each other’s existence. ... The development and spread of German literature identified the existence of Germany. The literary works of The Brothers Grimm and Karl Baedekar glorified the natural beauty and cultural heritage of various German states. There were many common grounds of which formation of a German state was an inevitable consequence. But there were many factors which dampened any sudden rise of nationalism. For long, the two German empires of Austria and Prussia had been involved in political and economic rivalry. A great deal of ‘threshold’ energy was required to break the current sequence of political pattern and motivate people to aspire for a single country. The remarkable leadership of Bismarck and his manipulation of events in 1866 and 1870 led to the creation of the imperial Germany.4 The initial years of the imperial Germany were marked by huge divisions at various levels. To begin with, there was stark contrast in the economic status of Germans. The rich class of Prussian landl ords and elites continued to exercise significant amount of influence over the political structure of the new empire.5The junkers, as they were called, were immensely powerful as the formation of the German empire occurred without any political upheaval or social revolution. Unlike other revolutions, there wasn’t any redistribution of land or restructuring of the political system. The diversity of a country cannot be counted as the only sign of disunity. There are many countries in the world which have class conflict but they stay together. Even the revolutions such as French revolution and Russian revolution don’t create a disunited country. The revolutions may increase or decrease the territorial size of a country but they hardly have an impact on the very concept of a

Penn State Child Abuse Scandal Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Penn State Child Abuse Scandal - Article Example They were aware of the sexual scandal but they took no action. Joe Paterno and Graham Spanier should have reported the matter according to the judgment. This article provides information on the modes of handling child abuse cases. For instance, the judgment passed on the article is a warning to other members of the public on the dangers of molesting teenagers. From the case, it is notable that whoever participates in abuse directly or indirectly is liable for punishment (Chappell 1). Criminal investigations should enhance justice regardless of the time it takes the jury to conduct an investigation. Cases of abuse are not new in Pennsylvania but the magnitude of the acts is surprising since they are escalating. This means that the jury’s investigation will guide future criminal investigations. The 10 molested teenagers received justice from the courts because of the criminal investigations. Moreover, the victims learned of their civil liberties as minors. The judgment helped in uplifting the moral standards of the people in Pennsylvania. This means that in the future people will avoid engaging in criminal acts, since the sentencing proved that the jury had devised the best approach to handling cases of child molestation. Severe punitive action taken upon the offenders signified that any form of abuse was a crime in the society. A detailed investigation prior to passing a judgment on a case ensured fairness in sentencing offenders of any form of abuse. Generally, child molestation can be prevented in future when authorities provide children with channels for expressing their views. This can be enhanced through implementing laws that discourage child abuse in the society. People should be empowered to report on cases that decay morals in the society (Chappell 1). Importantly, there has to be a collaboration of various parties for justice to be delivered in any criminal case. According to the case, failure to act

Week Four Assignment Essay Example for Free

Week Four Assignment Essay All Americans regardless of their economic standing in the community deserve access to essential and quality preventative, and primary healthcare. Those Americans who currently fall under the â€Å"publicly insured† category (Medicaid), and the medically uninsured, are at similar risk for delayed or non-existent required medical care. Establishing a free, 24 hour accessible Shelby County Primary Care Clinic would eliminate patient medical care delay, and result in large scale overall savings in projected annual medical care costs. (So You Want to Start a Health Center?, 2011) The advantage of free and charitable medical clinics vs. federally funded medical clinics reaches beyond the access to quality care component. Free and charitable clinics are at a financial advantage typically, due to many varying factors. Federally funded clinics fall under the financial responsibility of Federal Government grants, Medicare, state government/Medicaid reimbursement, insurance payers, self-pay, public and private gifts and grants. Free and charitable clinics are financially supported by grants and donations, exclusively. Volunteers provide most if not all primary care, specialty care, dental care and vision care which eliminates a direct savings of 1.28 million for future healthcare costs. (Comparison of Free Charitable Clinics to Federally Funded Clinics, n.d.) The Shelby County community has a longstanding history of community members that struggle to afford basic primary healthcare. Majority of those who reside in this area work non-union, blue-collar jobs that do not provide â€Å"sick† time or the ability to take time off to meet medical needs. Oftentimes, a community member will make just above the poverty level each month to ensure they do not qualify for Medicaid/Medicare, but not enough to afford the standard monthly costs  of medical insurance. Medical issues that could easily be resolved with one or two primary care appointments, end up becoming a medical emergency often times of high expense. The establishment of a 24 hour accessible free medical clinic in the Shelby County comm unity, physically accessible to all, would provide the necessary gap-fill for those who aren’t Medicaid/Medicare applicable. (Why Free Medical Clinics Benefit Everyone, n.d.) Many prepatory considerations must be made in order to ensure the successful establishment and functioning of any free medical clinic. Support of local area hospitals is essential, in order to provide the ancillary services needed such as lab work, radiology/x-rays, and medical providers willing to volunteer both for services provided, and to be members of the respective clinic Board. An acceptable and effective business and strategic plan must be developed and in place prior to the establishment of any free medical clinic. Volunteer staff need to be abreast of all HIPPA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) regulations, and the process of credentialing providers, in order to fall under the established medical legal guidelines. A Standard of Clinic Operating Procedures must be created and in place, prior to any clinic operations actually occurring, so all volunteers are educated in the many facets of their job responsibilities and clinic procedures. (OhioFreeClinics.o rg, n.d.) (So You Want to Start a Health Center?, 2011) The result of providing free medical care for those in need is not simply an improved medical and physical state, however important this factor is. The result of preventative care that comes from regular primary care appointments, can eliminate the crowding of emergency rooms for primary care issues such as blood pressure, common colds, asthma (non- emergent) and diabetes (maintenance). When â€Å"standard† primary care issues are managed with education, medication and follow up, patients are stable to live and work without issue. Patients who can afford care are not charged increased amounts to cover for the loss of those who need care, and cannot pay. Businesses avoid losing millions of dollars a year that typically result from productivity loss, due to illness and medical emergency. (Why Free Medical Clinics Benefit Everyone, n.d.) (Kiesel, 2013) Shelby County would not only benefit financially with the implementation of a free medical clinic, but the overall quality of life for those who reside in this county would improve exponentially. Families will no longer have to panic when a  child becomes sick or injured, and does not qualify for Medicaid/Medicare. Businesses do not lose valuable man-hours due to illnesses not treated and managed, resulting in time off work. Pregnant mothers have access to medical care and choices outside of the Medicaid/Medicare system. The positive results coming from this potential endeavor are not just immediate or financial, but continue and expand over time, in the improvement of life in Shelby County as a whole. (Why Free Medical Clinics Benefit Everyone, n.d.) References Comparison of Free Charitable Clinics to Federally Funded Clinics. (n.d.). Retrieved from NAFC: http://nafcclinics.org/sites/default/files/Comparison%20of%20Free%20clinics%20to%20FQHS%202012.pdf Kiesel, L. (2013, December 26). Free Medical Clinics Might Save Millions. Retrieved from The Street: http://www.thestreet.com/story/12176795/1/free-medical-clinics-might-save-millions.html OhioFreeClinics.org. (n.d.). Retrieved from Starting a Free Clinic/A Volunteers in Health Care Guide: http://www.ohiofreeclinics.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/VIHStartingFreeClinic.pdf So You Want to Start a Health Center? (2011, July). Retrieved from NACH: http://www.nachc.com/client/documents/So%20you%20want%20to%20Start-Final%20July%202011.pdf Understanding Health Information Privacy. (n.d.). Retrieved from HHS.gov: http://www.hhs.gov/ocr/privacy/hipaa/understanding/ Why Free Medical Clinics Benefit Everyone. (n.d.). Retrieved from Friendship Medical Clinic: http://www.friendshipmedicalclinic.org/about /benefit.html

A Social Commentary On Contemporary Social Issues

A Social Commentary On Contemporary Social Issues If popular, a pictured parody of controversial issues of a society is the most effective approach that target various dilemmas within a society without offending anyone belief, notion, religion, gender and lifestyle. Although satire is usually produced to be humorous, its greater purpose is often constructive social criticism, using jocularity as a weapon. The Simpsons series, as a very popular show worldwide, looms to be a brilliant epitomic example of paradoxical events in the American society. The main purpose of the current assay is to delineate the reflectiveness of The Simpsons show, representing the contemporary social issues of the American society. Introduction The main scope of the current essay is to show that to what extent the American series The Simpsons serve as a social commentary on contemporary social issues. To this end, different aspects of The Simpsons series will be discussed. Needless to say that media, in any kind, has gigantic impacts on social behavior casting cultural reorientation and documenting events. It is a double-blade sword, creating true or even false conceptualizations/notions that may lead a target society into one particular direction. That is why it is considered as one of the most pivotal tools for soft-impelling of habits. As a result, many merits can be transposed to something new even though the nature of human behavior is sometimes unpredictable. Speaking of cultures, inherently, is a controversial issue and no one can image all aspects of such intricate matte. While movies and premier series may influence social traditions, they are also projection and/or articulation of customs showing transitional changes of people deeds. In fact, in contemporary times, media represent transition/development of cultures within societies and even organizations ranging from the oil fields of Dallas to the law firm in L.A. Law to Al Bundys shoe shop in Married (Rhodes 2001). Nonetheless, the question is how precise is such exemplification? And, to be specific, how insightful and reflective would be a television series (e.g., The Simpsons for American culture or EastEnders for British culture, picturing reality of ordinary lifespans, cultures and organizations within a society? Presumably, American animated series called The Simpsons produced by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company is the best paradigm that shows ironic parody lifestyle of an ordinary middle-class American family, whose day-by-day endeavors are the main leitmotif of the series. The stars are not real, but their travesty actions appear to ironically entertainingly magnifying the existing cultural issues, taboos and dilemmas. Hence, having harnessed various published articles and books, the main objective of the current article is to investigate the mirror image of The Simpsons reflecting the lifestyle of an American middle-class family from social, educational, political, religious, and economical viewpoints. Since its first debut on December 17, 1989, The Simpsons series broadcasted more than 500 episodes. As a one of the most popular series, it has been announced as the longest-running American sitcom that has been awarded in various festivals, such as Primetime Emmy Awards, Anni e Awards, and Peabody Award. In 2000, it has also been elected as the 20th centurys best television series by the Time magazine and also awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. Simpsons family The Simpsons are epitomized by its family including Homer the father, Marge the mother, Bart the brother, Lisa the older sister and Maggie the younger sister. The show is set in an illusory city of Springfield where, there exist various icons such as Springfield Nuclear Power Plant (SNPP), Church, School and Club, etc in part as parodies of American society. In fact, different episodes picture various aspects of the society, in which each of the characters (i.e., Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa and Maggie Simpson) aims to confer a message as a sketch comedy program. Each ironic mockery exaggerative persona embellishes one aspect of society to highlight the issue no matter what! While the Simpsons are rather dysfunctional and many observers of the series confer somewhat detestation feelings, literally, it appears that ultimately there is much popularity of the show. Paradoxically, most families love it as deriving force for a hidden solidarity within families. Considering some archness of the show (e.g., frequent action of Homer when he struggles Bart up to the stage till Barts eyes protrude out of his head), it may be considered as an immoral epitome. Marge is the dedicated wife of Homer and mother of three kids. She is an orthodox archetype who represents diligent American moms, trying to keep the family united on the track. In fact, Marges aim is to fascinate the family toward some kind of unanimity, yet keeping the individuality of each member of the family. She is the core and soul of the Simpson family. Unlike her husband, Marge does not have enough time to socialize with others since she is too busy taking care of her family. The lumbering fool Homer spends plethora of time with his friends at club boozing, and often makes clumsy mistakes! Lack of intellectuality is part of his personality, keeping Homer as paradoxical husband and father who enigmatically acts weird full of provocation and conciliation without thought. Although Homer is not always fully loyal to his family because of selfishness and recklessness, still he is popular as he eventually does the right thing, at which the spirit of an American father is expressed (Rhodes 2001; Scanlan and Feinberg 2000; Todd 2002). The free spirited Bart, who is the oldest child, represents an epitomic mischievous kid provoking troubles everywhere he goes. However, similar to his fathers cases, the story brings about a redemptive moral lesson of life. Unlike Bart, Lisa, the second child, epitomizes a wise kid with future and great expectations. Lisa plays as central wisdom of the Simpson family with acts of clear consciousness of concomitant events. She is a curious grille characteri zing new generation of American girls whose desire is to explore as seen for Lisa when she discovers and follows Buddhism and also become vegetarian. Despite being the youngest member of the Simpsons family, Baby Maggie sparks on the family issues by sucking her pacifier. She always show some wisdom and awareness as a baby girl (Rhodes 2001; Scanlan and Feinberg 2000; Todd 2002). Homer Homer works at Springfield Nuclear Power Plant, while Marge is a caring housewife who loves her hapless blundering cumbersome husband. Homers character is and admixture of clumsiness and provocativeness, who acts without thinking or even based upon weird thoughts. Edward de Bono has articulated six-steps of technical thinking skills as different hats (De Bono 1973), while Homer hat of wisdom is always the same, a yellow hat of transitional shallow benefits. Perhaps, he is the one who has the greatest influence on society culture, so that the catchword Doh!, which is interjectionally used bt Homers, has been adopted into the English language. Marge Homers wife, Marge with distinctive blue beehive hairstyle, appears to be a well-meaning and extremely patient matron who cares and have great passion and astuteness, but it seems that she sacrifices herself for her family as a stereotypical mother. Bart The only son of Homer and Marge is Bart, ten years old teenage, who is the eldest child in family with rebellious attitude. Bart looms to be very good at floundering. He represents special character of disobedient boy with sarcastic bittering actions no matter what! Having such persona, he has been casted as a bad role model for children. The terminology of I am Bart Simpson, who the hell are you? means Bart doesnt not care no rules, no regulations, no jurisdiction (Ott 2003). Lisa Lisa Marie Simpson, as older daughter of the family, is eight years old second child of Homer and Marge. Lisa is extremely intelligent, who breaks the boundaries to discover new entities. Lisa plays the baritone saxophone, and has been casted as a vegetarian (season 7), a Buddhist (season 13). Her advocacies for a variety of political events (e.g., Tibetan independence movement) make her as the intellect of family and the series, but as other intelligent individual she suffers from loneliness even inside the family (Simpson 1998). Inexplicable Admixture as a Family Avaricious and sometimes covetous Homer the father with caring Marge the mother in combination with the rancorous behaviors of Bart and wisdom of Lisa along with reticent persona of Magi provide such an admixture that needs to be carefully analyzed. Speaking of The Simpsons episodes, one should agree that many controversial topics (e.g., gay marriage and religion in public schools) are the subject of the series and it seems that nothing is considered as taboo (Bonne 2002). Homers relationship with his Dad, Abraham Simpson (also called as Grampa) shows loss of traditional lifestyle. Intriguingly, Marge Simpsons older twin sisters, hold a strong dislike for their brother-in-law, Homer. These twins work at the Springfield Department of Motor Vehicles (SDMV). In terms of personality, the two minutes elder sister Selma seems to possess a strong desire for esprit de corps, while Patty happens to be the feminist sister who pliably likes to be a lesbian. Marge sisters relationship conveys another level of Santas Little Helper (dog) and Snowball (cat) also bring about some hidden aspects of their lifestyles. An Avenue for Nation Views Inherently, the fact is that Springfield is nowhere, but it could be any state, representing whole nation. It is the same for all caricature stars of the show. Homer Simpson or Lisa Simpson could be anyone. This revolutionized series, despite being set in an unknown state, signposts unity of the nation and is fabulous effort to reflect American society overall in each episode. Such representation has attracted many viewers from all over the country. It should be highlighted that the taste of the TV shows may differ in different cities or cultures. While, the viewers in the New York like to follow a how like Sex and the City, a show like The Simpsons with its unidentified setting can appeal to all Americans (Gray 2007). The Simpsons series is a trajectory of not only American society but also arc of the world federation cultural transitions. Citizenship, democracy and political apathy The Simpsons series also exhibit different levels of citizenships. Four main types of complementary citizenships can be recognized in The Simpsons series (Lund 2006), as follw: Party-based public life that can be exemplified by Homer Simpsons Trust-based public life that can be exemplified by Marge Simpsons Knowledge-based public life that can be exemplified by Lisa Simpsons Right-based public life that can be exemplified by Bart Simpsons These categorizations happen to be successive in time, nonetheless not mutually exclusive, that is to say that none of these four types have entirely subsumed the others though the impression of viewers of the series may differ. It should be evoked that other types of citizenships have been presented during different episodes. Above all is religion-based public life that can be exemplified by Ned Flanders who is a descent well-meaning good-natured person as one of the few in Springfield town. In fact, such diverse epitomes of citizenships appear to be good representatives of American society that can be considered as symbolic model of democracy which is held in a family yet is a reflection of the whole society. The show combines various viewpoints within a family and also among members of different parties. The show targets political apathy though a self-deprecation method together with a refusal to take subjects seriously. Following are some examples of such transverse articulations : An election!? Thats one of those deals where they close the bars isnt it?, said Barney Gumbel. Uh, Lisa, the whole reason we have elected officials is so we dont have to think all the time. Just like that rainforest scare a few years back: our officials saw there was a problem and they fixed it, didnt they?, said Homer Simpson. Lisa, if you dont like your job, you dont strike: you just go in every day and do it really half assed. Thats the American way., said Homer Simpson. I wish we lived in a place more like the America of yesteryear that only exists in the brains of us Republicans., said Ned Flanders. Presumably, one the most hilarious, yet mirthful, articulation was on Ned Flanders delineation when he was asked by his son Todd Flanders: Daddy, what do taxes pay for? Ned Flanders: Oh, why, everything! Policemen, trees, sunshine! And lets not forget the folks who just dont feel like working, God bless em! In short, politics is a common part of The Simpsons show, which literally exhibits some boundaries of the polarized American politics, even though there exist some voiced oppositions to the show per se. For example, the former Republican President of USA, Mr. George H. W. Bush condemned the show at the Annual Convention of the National Religious Broadcasters by articulating we need a nation closer to The Waltons than The Simpsons, an America that rejects the incivility, the tide of incivility, and the tide of intolerance (Armstrong 2005; Turner 2004). In fact, upon a liberal slant of the show, this was joked about in the episode The Simpsons 138th Episode Spectacular, in which reference was made to hundreds of radical right-wing messages inserted into every show by creator Matt Groening. It worth to remind that the 138th Episode Spectacular, written by Jon Vitti and directed by David Silverman, was a parody of the communal preparation among live-action series to produce clip shows. T his episode, as the most watched episodes of the season, has received positive reviews with a Nielsen (viewer/audience measurement system) rating of 9.5 and a Nielsen rank of 48. Education Several reviews and books have been published on The Simpsons series and education (Luccasen and Thomas 2010; Gray 2005). It seems It has been stated that The Simpsons is a carrier for creating discourse in particular among young undergraduate students. While three levels of jokes happen to be presented on the show as: a) elite humor, b) nonelite humor, and c) obscure references, the breadth of scholarship on the looms to be indicative of the shows place in popular culture (White and Holman 2011). The multiplicity of the fans proves that The Simpsons typifies the universal appeal of satire. Accordingly, its followers include political elites and ordinary people from vastly different backgrounds. For example, Tony Blair is a big fan of the show, and guest starred as himself in an episode while a sitting head-of-state (Woodcock 2008). Conservative constitutional scholar Harvey Mansfield has supported the show by articulating that The Simpsons is the best thing on television. Hence, The Simpsons series appear to be able to connect to the elites representing various issues of scholar world mainly by Lisa Simpson. The Simpsons: Hunger Games or Against It Whether we like it or not, Homer Simpson explains our postmodern identity crisis (Bybee and Overbeck 2001). The Simpsons show (Roberts 2010). Like the Hunger Games, with loss of identity we will just survive and eventually will realize the transitional reorientation/modification of the society. Having used the militant irony or sarcasm, The Simpsons show often professes to approve of (or at least accept as natural) the very things that are target for the attack. While the Hunger Game may happen within the societies for many reasons, the state of satires in a given show such as The Simpsons may reflect the state of civil liberties and human rights. Needless to say to fight the illiteracy in any kind that may lead society toward Huger Games, in which any criticism of a political/religious system is suppressed, satires will provide an open door for clarification. The Simpsons and Religion The Simpsons series critically show the contemporary religious issue in the American society (Bowler 1996; Satkin 2002; Lewis 2002). For example, the episode, The Father, the Son and the Holy Guest Star, Springfields only known pastor, makes a Unitarian reference when Homer Simpson asks if he needs to wail on a few Unitarians to become Catholic. Speaking of religious issues in the show, the most religious characters happen to be Ned Flanders and Reverend Lovejoy. In fact, Flanders appears to be the most conservative Christian with little tolerance to other believes (e.g., pagans, Jews, Hindus and homosexuals), expressing that the other believers are all epicureans and whoever pursue such notions will directly go to the Hell. On the other hand, Reverend Timothy Tim Lovejoy, who is the preacher of the Western Branch of American Reform Presbylutheranism church that almost everyone in Springfield attends, represents different character. The show makes ironies on almost all religions, but the Islam and Muslims seem not to be the target of the show! For example, in one of the episodes, the Hindu god Vishnu is shown as sitting in the center of the earth and controlling the world with different controlling devices, likewise it is the same for the Hindu god Ganesh, mostly by Homer when interacting with Apu. Social Commentary on Controversial Issues The Simpsons show seems to be also a gay-friendly animated sitcom (Padva 2008). Given the fact that a truly subversive gay representational practice must contest not only the gay subjects experience of heterosexist persecution but also their experience of patriarchal privilege, Jackson discussed that certain gay male cultural practices that transvalue deviance as a positive mode of self-identià ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ cation contain at least an implicit critique of the normative male ideal (and the dominant heterosexual sex/gender system) from which the gay male deviates (Jackson Jr 1993). However, The Simpsons series happened to flash the gay marriage and thus spark outrage among conservative groups in America, who are against it. In a long-running show, the show embarked on some gay marriages despite the fact that Brent Bozell III, the president of the Parents Television Council, blasted that at a time when the public mood is overwhelmingly against gay marriage, any show that promotes gay marriage is deliberately bucking the public mood (Block 2007). Controversial Storylines: an Example In a study, in order to test the effectiveness of using an episode of The Simpsons in an introductory sociology classes, students attitudes (N=176) have been tested toward lesbians and gay men before and after viewing the episode titled Homers Phobia. The participating students were asked to identify stereotypes about gay men and lesbians. It was found that viewing the problems encountered by Homer Simpsons negative approaches toward a gay character on the show augmented acceptance of homosexuals amongst freshmen students. In fact, the use of the episode of the cartoon happened to generate a greater depth of discussion about the consequences of homophobia and discrimination of lesbians and gay men (Miller and Thornton 2009). Concluding Remarks In the history of mankind, presumably, there has always been a conflict between engagement and disengagement on controversial issues of societies. To highlight social/political issues, yet avoiding disconceptuality and vagueness, some artists capitalize on the grotesque parody and jest with teasing. The Simpsons series is epitomic stereotype that targets controversial issues of the American society to show hurdles as satire. The spectrum of the show differs in terms of degrees of biting as ranging from satire proper at the hot-end, and kidding at the violet-end. Given that teasing is the reactionary side of the comic, The Simpsons may not be taken seriously as it limits itself to a shallow parody of caricature appearance. But, The Simpsons series exploits satire to go against untouchable issues such as gay marriage. Having subversive characteristics, the show seems to carry a deep moral dimension targeting various issues to bring about possible loos of identity in a humored buffooner y manner with little censor/exclusion. This side of the show should be highlighted by TV critiques.

Paintings in Rome :: Essays Papers

Paintings in Rome In 211 BC the great general M. Claudius Marcellus returned to Rome after his decisive defeat of Syracuse. With him came a vast booty of Hellenistic artifacts. Remaining outside the sacred precincts of Rome, he supplicated the Senate for the purification and glory of a triumphal procession, realizing that they would both make a visual impression in his triumph and also be an ornament for the city." He opened his triumph impressively with an allegorical painting of Syracuse made prisoner. Paintings carried in triumphal processions, specifically commissioned to commemorate victorious military campaigns, not only added immensely to the celebratory nature of the rite, they also increased its sociopolitical power. Roman triumphal painting also served to acquaint Romans with novel artistic conventions, previously foreign to their experience. Although none of the paintings commissioned by victorious Roman generals to decorate their triumphal processions survives, the testimonial provide crucial alternate evidence to determine their role in shaping Roman political and artistic culture in the Republican period. During the Republic, Roman paintings with historical themes commemorated the empire's expansion: for example, the conquests of Carthage in 201 BC, Sardinia in 174 BC, and Macedonian in 168 BC Subjects included, at one end of the spectrum, pared-down iconic personifications and, at the other end, full-fledged battle scenes in landscape settings. Roman historical paintings not only secured the private memories of participants in actual events; they also served a didactic and propagandistic function in the public sphere of Roman political and religious institutions. The Roman governing class commissioned historical paintings to inform a specifically Roman audience of its achievements, to educate that audience about its policies, and thus to persuade that audience to adopt its views and follow a particular course of action. It used historical paintings to implement ideology. Ancient Rome inherited arguments, already old, for the superiority of painting over any other form of communicatio n to affect and manipulate an audience. Further, Romans embraced the idea that historical painting was at its most effective when it became the embodiment of what it represented, or, to use the terms preferred by Freedberg, when the sign becomes the living embodiment of what it signifies. (Ancient authors, for example, relish anecdotes describing portraits that profoundly affected spectators long after the death of their subjects.) Toward that end, Roman patrons became increasingly sophisticated about representational strategies and throughout the course of the Republic procured the most commanding examples possible.

Symbols and Symbolism in Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter :: Scarlet Letter essays

Symbolism in The Scarlet Letter Nathaniel Hawthorne uses diction and symbolism to show the negative effects of stifling conformity verses the positive empowerment found in embarrassing one's own truth. He tries to impress upon his readers that an outsider, whether from another physical location, or simply someone who thinks and acts outside that society's definition of acceptable behavior can in fact facilitate positive change within that society. The secret in this novel most likely represents an idea, privacy, or even social censure. The Mary-like character Hester Prynne represents feminism, as the female-heroine, and truth, as she is unwavering in her stand against the wishes of the state, church, family and community with regard to her own truth. As represented by The Scarlet Letter, "Do you not think it is better for your little ones temporal and eternal welfare that she be taken out of your charge and clad soberly and disciplined strictly and instructed in the truths of heaven and earth? What can you do for the child? I can teach my little Pearl what I have learned from this, laying her finger on the red token. Woman it is thy badge of shame. Nevertheless, this badge taught me...it teaches me daily lessons by reasons of which my child may be better and wiser." Prynne is aware of how her truth can set her free. Later in the novel it states "...people brought all their sorrows and perplexities, and besought her counsel." This shows how Prynne's stand for the truth has eventually affected the entire community in a very positive manner, changing its perspective on social norms. Yet the character Dimmesdale, the co-adulterer, was said to be liken with "unutterable torment." Hawthorne was showing that Dimmesdale's silence about the truth and his love was worse than any judgment that would have been bestowed on him by his community or maker. Later Prynee offers to save Dimmesdale from his jail (guilt) and jailer (Chillingworth, the devil-like character). He refuses and eventually dies of shame and guilt at the end of this romantic tale of the love between two people. Pearl, the bastard-daughter character, represents the world of nature (truth), a nature-friendly pre-Christian time in mankind's history and the struggle between the town (societal taboos) and the simpler way of forest (respect for the truth).

Pain Poem

PAIN Innocent plumes out of the lonely seed, Illusion of darkness was seen, Things seen were absorbed, Sun, water, alarm what happened? Fell in a tunnel, Lights were not yet seen, Faith slowly became weak, Failings, please stops Dodge, defense and attack like a boxer, Easy start yet harder comes, Not a single blink of an eye, Be firm and don't loosen up a single muscle! Fill with all bright colors, Four bright colors over one dark color, Darkness was unseen yet brightness was clearly seen, This is what the world is supposed to be! Walking on a dark street,Rusted street light soul working, Street light can't yet street lights can, Street is dark no more but now bright. Summary Answer Pain, right at this moment honestly I can't think of anything that makes me feel pain. I don't think I have been through the deep pain that people can't get rid of, but there is one thing that makes me feel pain and that is when see others in pain and to see this beautiful world suffering with so many kin ds of things. So basically based on this poem I wrote about what pain I faced and what I think I can do and what others can o to give solutions for this pain.This is a very short summary of the poem I wrote. Ã'›â€ ¦ In today's world, It has changed so badly and it's obvious. An innocent child will receive things that the world Is doing and It will ruin their Innocent mind, Life will get harder and harder and it is so dark and tough to achieve what you want to achieve, you fail so many times and it will Just make you give up easily. If your life is so dark by doing so many bad things, do more good things and it definitely will cover up all the ad things and it will also cover up all the bad memories that you had.And so now, you will definitely find your life different and continue moving forward In your life. One person definitely can't light up the whole world; we can't be so selfish and wait 1 OFF tort others to be the light tot the world and tot other people. It must sat rat trot us. We can't Just sit in our comfort zone by watching what happened; we must really do something and give other people the light they need to make the world a better place to live in.